Plate Tectonics

Plate tectonics is the geodynamic theory describing the large-scale motion of the Earth’s lithospheric plates over the asthenosphere. These plate motions cause processes such as continental drift, mountain building, earthquakes, and volcanic activity.

In geodesy, plate tectonics is directly observed and quantified through space-geodetic techniques such as GNSS and VLBI, which measure plate velocities and crustal deformation with millimeter precision. Geodetic reference frames incorporate plate motion models to ensure consistent positioning over time, and geodetic observations are fundamental for studying seismic strain accumulation, postseismic deformation, and long-term lithospheric dynamics.