Plate Motion Model

A plate motion model describes the large-scale kinematic behavior of the Earth’s tectonic plates by defining their rotation with respect to a reference frame, typically using angular velocity vectors (Euler poles). These models quantify plate velocities and predict horizontal motions at any location on a given plate.

In geodesy, plate motion models are derived primarily from GNSS observations and are essential for interpreting crustal deformation and separating rigid plate motion from local tectonic or geodynamic signals. They are used in the realization of terrestrial reference frames (e.g., applying No-Net-Rotation conditions), transforming coordinates between epochs, and supporting seismic hazard analysis and geophysical studies.